Damages that the law presumes follow from the type of wrong complained of; specif., compensatory damages for harm that so frequently results from the tort for which a party has sued that the harm is reasonably expected and need not be alleged or proved. • General damages do not need to be specifically claimed. — […]
special damages 特定损害赔偿 即对特定损害〔special damage〕的补偿。其所赔偿的损害不是从原告所指控的作为或不作为中推定的自然与可能的结果而是由此实际造成的结果。原告欲主张该种损害赔偿，须加以特别指明，并予以严格证明。 (→general damages)
Damages awarded in addition to actual damages when the defendant acted with recklessness, malice, or deceit; specif., damages assessed by way of penalizing the wrongdoer or making an example to others. • Punitive damages, which are intended to punish and thereby deter blameworthy conduct, are generally not recoverable for breach of contract. The Supreme Court
A trial that is divided into three stages, such as for liability, general damages, and special damages. [Cases: Federal Civil Procedure 1961; Trial 3(5.1).]
libel per se 自成诽谤 １无需举证特定损害，本身即可诉的诽谤行为，与他成诽谤〔libel per quod〕相对。在美国的大多数司法管辖区，已不再区分自成诽谤和他成诽谤，而是笼统认定一般赔偿金〔general damages〕；２从表面即可认定成立的诽谤。
一般损害 英语：general damages 法语：dommages et intérêts 德语：Schadensersatz 意大利语：danni-interessi, indennità 西班牙语：daños y perjuicios
forcible entry and detainer. 1. The act of violently taking and keeping possession of lands and tenements without legal authority. [Cases: Forcible Entry and Detainer 4.] “To walk across another’s land, or to enter his building, without privilege, is a trespass, but this in itself, while a civil wrong, is not a crime. However, if
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A provision in some commercial general liability policies, excluding coverage for damages arising from an insured’s employment practices, including any policy, action, or omission — such as coercion, demotion, evaluation, reassignment, discipline, defamation, harassment, humiliation, or discrimination — that is directed at the person injured. [Cases: Insurance 2278(11).]
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A provision in some commercial general liability policies, excluding coverage for damages arising from the use (including loading and unloading) of an automobile, aircraft, or other motor vehicle owned, operated, rented, or borrowed by the insured. [Cases: Insurance 2278(13). C.J.S. Insurance § 938.]
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